Overview:
A user created a Workflow Rule that includes the translated label of a Record Type as one of the criteria and it does not get triggered.
Root Cause:
This is due to a Salesforce limitation.
Solution:
If Record Types are used in Workflow Rule criteria where labels are translated using the Translation Workbench, the translated label value does not trigger the Workflow Rule. Workflow criteria evaluate the master label value and ignore the translated value. To avoid this, the Master Record Type label needs to be entered manually in the Workflow criteria's value field.
Related Documentation:
Salesforce Documentation: Workflow Considerations